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Harmonic Filter System

Power Transmission and distributon networks are designed to operate with sinusodial voltage and current having constant frequency. However there are number of non -linear loads, such as thyristor drives and converters, that generate harmonics on the network, causing distortion in the voltage and current waveforms. These filters are used when the main objective is not the reactive power compensation at the fundamental frequency, but to reduce the harmonic distortion in the supply system.

Active Harmonic Filter Bank

Active Harmonic Filter Bank


Product Features:
For real - time compensation of harmonic current and reactive power. There are several electrical equipments with non-linear voltage-current charecterstics connected to the network. Harmonic currents produced by this cause harmonic voltages in network impedances, which add to the fundamental system voltage resulting in voltage distortion.

Benefits to Customers:
  • Harmonic filtering

  • Power Factor Correction

  • Flicker compensation

  • Real time filtering & compensation

  • Filters all harmonics upto 50.

  • Network impedance does not affect the filtering result


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Tuned Harmonic Filter Bank


Tuned Harmonic filters are used when it is necessary to reduce the harmonic voltage and current distortion in the supply system.

Tuned Harmonic Filters are formed by capacitors connnected in series with reactors, tuned to the frquency of the harmonics to be supressed. Filters are assembled in metal cabinets of LF type and includes contactors and high rupture capacity fuses for short circuit protection.

Technical Characteristics:
Rated Voltage230 V, 400 V, 440 V, 660 V
Network Frquency 50 Hz (60 Hz)
Filter Tuning5th, 7th, 11th, 13th
RegulationBy current or by harmonics
Degree of protectionIP20
InstallationIndoor(floor mounting)
StandardsIEC 60831, IEC 60439, IEC 61642


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Tuned Harmonic Filter Bank

Detuned Harmonic Filter Bank

Detuned Harmonic Filter Bank


Detuned Filter:
Detuned filters are used, in supply networks having a high level of harmonic distortion, when the final objective is reactive power compensation at the fundamental frequency. Their purpose is to avoid the harmonic currents overload to the capacitors by diverting them to the mains. Protection filters are made by connecting reactors in series with capacitors, in such a way that the tuning frequency of the whole unit is set at a value between the fundamental frequency and the frequency of the lowest present harmonics, which is usually the 5th order harmonic. In this the filter has a high inductive impedance for all the harmonic frequencies.

Connection of a reactor in series with a power capacitor, makes the capacitor to work at a voltage higher than the supply voltage. Because of this, capacitors need to be connected to protection reactors and need to be designed to work at higher voltages than standard capacitors. The choice of the tuning point of the filters is to balance between the quantity of harmonics rejected by the filter and the voltage increase produced in the capacitor at the fundamental frequency.

It is to be also kept in mind that reactive power supplied by the filter at rated frequency (50 or 60 Hz), is different to the one that the capacitor would supply without the reactor. Taking all the above into account, the reactor is normally chosen in such a way that its impedance is about 7% of the impedance of the capacitor that protects. This will give a tuning frequency, for example at 50 Hz, of 189 Hz. Other tuning frequencies are also available.

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Third Harmonic Filter Bank


Filters HBF-T are designed for the blockade of the 3rd harmonics, reducing the currents of neutral in three-phase installation where they are installed connected between the neutral phase. It is basically passive filters with a parallel combination of inductance and condenser. The advantages are:
  • Reduction of the third overtone until a 90%.

  • Significant Reduction of other overtones.

  • Reduction current of neutral absorbed.

  • Reduction of losses in the installation.

  • Reduction of the interferences.

  • Improvement of the power factor.

Filters HBF-T has to be selected in agreement with the current of the breaker that protects the circuit. They are connected in the neutral conductor of the three-phase installation, and it is possible to be seen in scheme 1.

Technical Characteristics
Phase-neutral tensionUp to 750 V
Frequency50 / 60Hz
(IR)Nominal current (IR)6-100A
Current max. transitory(1 min.of each 10 min.)
ConstructionMetal Cabinet
Degree of protectionIP 00/IP21
Color/ColourGris/Grey RAL 7035
InstallationInterior/Indoor
Temperature range-10º C + 50ºC
Relative humidity95%


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Third Harmonic Filter Bank

Isolation Filters

Isolation Filters


Desciption:
In installations with 3rd harmonic generation loads, the current through the neutral cable can be higher than the one in the phases, even in case of balanced loads.

The most proper solution for these problems is to use a specific equipment for the 3rd harmonic filtering, consisting basically in a three-phase isolating transformer, delta-star connected, that filters the 3rd harmonic current, plus a passive filter which reduces the 5th harmonic.

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